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論文

Magnon dynamics in a Skyrmion-textured domain wall of antiferromagnets

Lee, S.*; 仲田 光樹; Tchernyshyov, O.*; Kim, S. K.*

Physical Review B, 107(18), p.184432_1 - 184432_12, 2023/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.107.184432
 被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：90.23(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

超対称量子力学に基づき、反強磁性スカーミオン構造を有する磁壁中のマグノンのトポロジカル量子輸送物性を明らかにする。スカーミオン型の磁気構造を有する磁壁中を伝搬するマグノンは、一種のゲージ場として作用する有効磁場を獲得する。そこで、この有効磁場中でのマグノンの反射・屈折現象を超対称量子力学に基づいて解析し、その伝搬および束縛マグノン状態を明らかにする。そして、ラウダウアー公式を用いて、磁壁のカイラリティが増加するにつれてマグノンによる熱流が減少することを明らかにする。本研究はスピンホール効果を活用した熱流の制御方法を理論的に提案する。

論文

Thermal stability of non-collinear antiferromagnetic Mn$$_3$$Sn nanodot

佐藤 佑磨*; 竹内 祐太郎*; 山根 結太*; Yoon, J.-Y.*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; 大野 英男*; 深見 俊輔*

Applied Physics Letters, 122(12), p.122404_1 - 122404_5, 2023/03

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0135709
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：54.89(Physics, Applied)

$$D0_{19}$$-Mn$$_3$$Sn, an antiferromagnet having a non-collinear spin structure in a kagome lattice, has attracted great attention owing to various intriguing properties such as large anomalous Hall effect. Stability of magnetic state against thermal fluctuation, characterized in general by the thermal stability factor $$Delta$$, has been well studied in ferromagnetic systems but not for antiferromagnets. Here we study $$Delta$$ of the antiferromagnetic Mn$$_3$$Sn nanodots as a function of their diameter $$D$$. To obtain $$Delta$$, we measure the switching probability as a function of pulse-field amplitude and analyze the results based on a model developed by accounting for two and six-fold magnetic anisotropies in the kagome plane. We observe no significant change in $$Delta$$ down to $$D = 300$$ nm below which it decreases with $$D$$. The obtained $$D$$ dependence is well explained by a single-domain and nucleation-mediated reversal models. These findings provide a basis to understand the thermal fluctuation and reversal mechanism of antiferromagnets for device application.

論文

Observation of domain structure in non-collinear antiferromagnetic Mn$$_3$$Sn thin films by magneto-optical Kerr effect

内村 友宏*; Yoon, J.-Y.*; 佐藤 佑磨*; 竹内 祐太郎*; 金井 駿*; 武智 涼太*; 岸 桂輔*; 山根 結太*; DuttaGupta, S.*; 家田 淳一; et al.

Applied Physics Letters, 120(17), p.172405_1 - 172405_5, 2022/04

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0089355
 被引用回数：10 パーセンタイル：83.82(Physics, Applied)

We perform a hysteresis-loop measurement and domain imaging for $$(1100)$$-oriented $$D0_{19}$$-Mn$$_{3+x}$$Sn$$_{1-x}$$ $$(-0.11 le x le 0.14)$$ thin films using magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) and compare it with the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) measurement. We obtain a large Kerr rotation angle of 10 mdeg., comparable with bulk single-crystal Mn$$_3$$Sn. The composition $$x$$ dependence of AHE and MOKE shows a similar trend, suggesting the same origin, i.e., the non-vanishing Berry curvature in the momentum space. Magnetic domain observation at the saturated state shows that x dependence of AHE and MOKE is explained by an amount of reversible area that crucially depends on the crystalline structure of the film. Furthermore, in-depth observation of the reversal process reveals that the reversal starts with nucleation of sub-micrometer-scale domains dispersed in the film, followed by a domain expansion, where the domain wall preferentially propagates along the $$[11bar{2}0]$$ direction. Our study provides a basic understanding of the spatial evolution of the reversal of chiral-spin structure in non-collinear antiferromagnetic thin films.

論文

Mn L$$_{2,3}$$-edge EXAFS and magnetic EXAFS studies on the halfmetallic ferromagnet Co$$_{2}$$MnSi

向後 純也*; 藤原 秀紀*; 関山 明*; 斎藤 祐児; 梅津 理恵*; 二木 かおり*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 91(3), p.034702_1 - 034702_12, 2022/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.91.034702
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We report magnetic circular dichroism in extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) in a prototypical halfmetallic ferromagnet, Co$$_{2}$$MnSi. The EXAFS oscillations at the Mn L$$_{2,3}$$ edges are analyzed to obtain parameters used in the analysis of the magnetic EXAFS (MEXAFS). Theoretical calculations of MEXAFS spectra in Co$$_{2}$$MnSi show that the linear-path scatterings have larger contributions than the multiple triangular-path scatterings. Furthermore, the period of the oscillations in the MEXAFS spectra is shorter than that in the EXAFS spectra indicating that the far site contributions from the second to the fourth nearest neighbor Co and the third nearest Si atoms can strongly influence the MEXAFS oscillations, while the Mn atoms, despite the large magnetic moment, can have little contributions due to the interference of the spin components.

論文

Magnetic sensitivity distribution of Hall devices in antiferromagnetic switching experiments

Schreiber, F.*; Meer, H.*; Schmitt, C.*; Ramos, R.*; 齊藤 英治; Baldrati, L.*; Kl$"a$ui, M.*

Physical Review Applied (Internet), 16(6), p.064023_1 - 064023_9, 2021/12

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.16.064023
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：27.71(Physics, Applied)

We analyze the complex impact of the local magnetic spin texture on the transverse Hall-type voltage in device structures utilized to measure magnetoresistance effects. We find a highly localized and asymmetric magnetic sensitivity in the eight-terminal geometries that are frequently used in current-induced switching experiments, for instance, to probe antiferromagnetic materials. Using current-induced switching of antiferromagnetic NiO/Pt as an example, we estimate the change in the spin Hall magnetoresistance signal associated with switching events based on the domain-switching patterns observed via direct imaging. This estimate correlates with the actual electrical data after subtraction of a nonmagnetic contribution. Here, the consistency of the correlation across three measurement geometries with fundamentally different switching patterns strongly indicates a magnetic origin of the measured and analyzed electrical signals.

論文

Chiral-spin rotation of non-collinear antiferromagnet by spin-orbit torque

竹内 祐太郎*; 山根 結太*; Yoon, J.-Y.*; 伊藤 隆一*; 陣内 佛霖*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; 深見 俊輔*; 大野 英男*

Nature Materials, 20(10), p.1364 - 1370, 2021/10

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-021-01005-3
 被引用回数：81 パーセンタイル：98.79(Chemistry, Physical)

Electrical manipulation of magnetic materials by current-induced spin torque constitutes the basis of spintronics. Recent studies have demonstrated electrical controls of ferromagnets and collinear antiferromagnets by spin-orbit torque (SOT). Here we show an unconventional response to SOT of a non-collinear antiferromagnet, which has recently attracted great attention owing to large anomalous Hall effect despite vanishingly small net magnetization. In heterostructures with epitaxial non-collinear antiferromagnet Mn$$_3$$Sn, we observe a characteristic fluctuation of Hall resistance, which is attributed to a persistent rotation of chiral-spin structure of Mn$$_3$$Sn driven by SOT. We find that level of the fluctuation that varies with sample size represents the number of magnetic domains of Mn$$_{3}$$Sn. In addition, Mn$$_3$$Sn thickness dependence of critical current reveals that SOT generated by small current density below 20 MA cm$$^{-2}$$ effectively acts on the chiral-spin structure even in thick Mn$$_3$$Sn above 20 nm. The results provide unprecedented pathways of electrical manipulation of magnetic materials, offering new-concept spintronics devices with unconventional functionalities and low-power consumption.

論文

Spin-flop phase in a honeycomb antiferromagnet Mn$$_{0.84}$$Mg$$_{0.16}$$TiO$$_{3}$$

社本 真一; 山内 宏樹; 池内 和彦*; Lee, M. K.*; Chang, L.-J.*; Garlea, V. O.*; Hwang, I. Y.*; Lee, K. H.*; Chung, J.-H.*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(9), p.093703_1 - 093703_4, 2021/09

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.093703
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

ハニカム格子反強磁性体Mn$$_{0.84}$$Mg$$_{0.16}$$TiO$$_{3}$$の5T磁場下でのスピンフロップ相の磁気構造を弾性散乱と非弾性散乱を相補的に用いることで、初めて提案した。

論文

Correlation of anomalous Hall effect with structural parameters and magnetic ordering in Mn$$_{3+x}$$Sn$$_{1-x}$$ thin films

Yoon, J.-Y.*; 竹内 祐太郎*; DuttaGupta, S.*; 山根 結太*; 金井 駿*; 家田 淳一; 大野 英男*; 深見 俊輔*

AIP Advances (Internet), 11(6), p.065318_1 - 065318_6, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043192
 被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：79.58(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

We investigate the relationship between structural parameters, magnetic ordering, and the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) of Mn$$_{3+x}$$Sn$$_{1-x}$$ ($$-0.42 le x le +0.23$$) thin films annealed at various temperature $$T_a$$. The crystal structure changes with $$x$$ and $$T_a$$ and at $$T_a ge 500$$ $$^circ$$C near the stoichiometric composition ($$-0.08 le x le +0.04$$) epitaxial single-phase $$D$$0$$_{19}$$-Mn$$_{3+x}$$Sn$$_{1-x}$$($$10bar{1}0$$) is obtained. At room temperature, a larger AHE is obtained when the single-phase epitaxial Mn$$_3$$Sn with the lattice constant closer to that of bulk is formed. The temperature dependence of the AHE shows different behaviors depending on $$T_a$$ and can be explained by considering the variation of magnetic ordering. A close inspection into the temperature and composition dependence suggests a variation of magnetic phase transition temperature with composition and/or a possible correlation between the AHE and Fermi level position with respect to the Weyl points. Our comprehensive study would provide the basis for utilizing the unique functionalities of non-collinear antiferromagnetic materials.

論文

Spin wave excitations in honeycomb antiferromagnet MnTiO$$_{3}$$

Hwang, I. Y.*; Lee, K. H.*; Chung, J.-H.*; 池内 和彦*; Garlea, V. O.*; 山内 宏樹; 赤津 光洋*; 社本 真一

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(6), p.064708_1 - 064708_6, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.064708
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：30.35(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

ハニカム格子反強磁性体MnTiO$$_{3}$$のスピン波を調べ、スピン間の交換相互作用を正確に求めた。

論文

Universal scaling behavior under pressure in the heavy-fermion antiferromagnet CeRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$; $$^{29}$$Si NMR study

酒井 宏典; 松本 裕司*; 芳賀 芳範; 徳永 陽; 神戸 振作

Physical Review B, 103(8), p.085114_1 - 085114_8, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.085114
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

重い電子系反強磁性体CeRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$において、$$^{29}$$Si核核磁気共鳴(NMR)を用いて、圧力下相図について微視的に調べた。NMRデータから、反強磁性伝搬ベクトル$$q$$に依らない単一サイト近藤効果の特徴的温度スケール$$T_0$$を導出した。圧力下の反強磁性臨界点において$$T_0$$の発散的異常は見られず、重い電子系の典型的なDoniach描像と矛盾しない結果が得られた。

論文

Direct imaging of current-induced antiferromagnetic switching revealing a pure thermomagnetoelastic switching mechanism in NiO

Meer, H.*; Schreiber, F.*; Schmitt, C.*; Ramos, R.*; 齊藤 英治; Gomonay, O.*; Sinova, J.*; Baldrati, L.*; Kl$"a$ui, M.*

Nano Letters, 21(1), p.114 - 119, 2021/01

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03367
 被引用回数：51 パーセンタイル：96.99(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

We unravel the origin of current-induced magnetic switching of insulating antiferromagnet/heavy metal systems. We utilize concurrent transport and magneto-optical measurements to image the switching of antiferromagnetic domains in specially engineered devices of NiO/Pt bilayers. Different electrical pulsing and device geometries reveal different final states of the switching with respect to the current direction. We can explain these through simulations of the temperature-induced strain, and we identify the thermomagnetoelastic switching mechanism combined with thermal excitations as the origin, in which the final state is defined by the strain distributions and heat is required to switch the antiferromagnetic domains. We show that such a potentially very versatile noncontact mechanism can explain the previously reported contradicting observations of the switching final state, which were attributed to spin-orbit torque mechanisms.

論文

Efficient spin torques in antiferromagnetic CoO/Pt quantified by comparing field- and current-induced switching

Baldrati, L.*; Schmitt, C.*; Gomonay, O.*; Lebrun, R.*; Ramos, R.*; 齊藤 英治; Sinova, J.*; Kl$"a$ui, M.*

Physical Review Letters, 125(7), p.077201_1 - 077201_6, 2020/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.077201
 被引用回数：36 パーセンタイル：91.79(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We achieve current-induced switching in collinear insulating antiferromagnetic CoO/Pt, with fourfold in-plane magnetic anisotropy. This is measured electrically by spin Hall magnetoresistance and confirmed by the magnetic field-induced spin-flop transition of the CoO layer. By applying current pulses and magnetic fields, we quantify the efficiency of the acting current-induced torques and estimate a current-field equivalence ratio of $$4times10^{-11}$$ TA$$^{-1}$$m$$^2$$. The N$'{e}$el vector final state $$(mathbf{n}perp mathbf{j})$$ is in line with a thermomagnetoelastic switching mechanism for a negative magnetoelastic constant of the CoO.

論文

Gapless spin liquid in a square-kagome lattice antiferromagnet

藤原 理賀*; 森田 克洋*; Mole, R.*; 満田 節生*; 遠山 貴巳*; 矢野 真一郎*; Yu, D.*; 曽田 繁利*; 桑井 智彦*; 幸田 章宏*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 11, p.3429_1 - 3429_7, 2020/07

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17235-z
 被引用回数：37 パーセンタイル：90.63(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Observation of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) state is one of the most important goals in condensed-matter physics, as well as the development of new spintronic devices that support next-generation industries. The QSL in two-dimensional quantum spin systems is expected to be due to geometrical magnetic frustration, and thus a kagome-based lattice is the most probable playground for QSL. Here, we report the first experimental results of the QSL state on a square-kagome quantum antiferromagnet, KCu$$_6$$AlBiO$$_4$$(SO$$_4$$)$$_5$$Cl. Comprehensive experimental studies via magnetic susceptibility, magnetisation, heat capacity, muon spin relaxation, and inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal the formation of a gapless QSL at very low temperatures close to the ground state. The QSL behavior cannot be explained fully by a frustrated Heisenberg model with nearest-neighbor exchange interactions, providing a theoretical challenge to unveil the nature of the QSL state.

論文

Skyrmion-generated spinmotive forces in inversion broken ferromagnets

山根 結太*; 家田 淳一

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 491, p.165550_1 - 165550_5, 2019/12

AA2018-0522.pdf:0.4MB

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.165550
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：32.11(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We present an analytical study on the spinmotive force (SMF) generated by translational motion of magnetic skyrmion. A SMF refers to an electrical voltage induced by dynamical magnetic textures, which reflects the spatiotemporal variation of the magnetization. The dynamics of a skyrmion thus can be detected by a SMF measurement, which may play an important role in future skyrmion-based technologies. We find the dependence of the SMF on skyrmion structure (e.g., skyrmion or anti-skyrmion, Neel or Bloch type, and the polarity of the skyrmion core) and Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings (SOCs). To this end, we derive explicit formulae for the spin-dependent electric fields originating from the two SOCs. Our findings offer a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon and an estimation of the electrical voltage signal associated with a moving skyrmion for a given experiment.

論文

Mechanism of N$'e$el order switching in antiferromagnetic thin films revealed by magnetotransport and direct imaging

Baldrati, L.*; Gomonay, O.*; Ross, A.*; Filianina, M.*; Lebrun, R.*; Ramos, R.*; Leveille, C.*; Fuhrmann, F.*; Forrest, T. R.*; Maccherozzi, F.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 123(17), p.177201_1 - 177201_6, 2019/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.177201
 被引用回数：118 パーセンタイル：98.44(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We probe the current-induced magnetic switching of insulating antiferromagnet-heavy-metal systems, by electrical spin Hall magnetoresistance measurements and direct imaging, identifying a reversal occurring by domain wall (DW) motion. We observe switching of more than one-third of the antiferromagnetic domains by the application of current pulses. Our data reveal two different magnetic switching mechanisms leading together to an efficient switching, namely, the spin-current induced effective magnetic anisotropy variation and the action of the spin torque on the DWs.

論文

Negative Te spin polarization responsible for ferromagnetic order in the doped topological insulator V$$_{0.04}$$(Sb$$_{1-x}$$Bi$$_{x}$$)$$_{1.96}$$Te$$_{3}$$

Ye, M.*; Xu, T.*; Li, G.*; Qiao, S.*; 竹田 幸治; 斎藤 祐児; Zhu, S.-Y.*; Nurmamat, M.*; 角田 一樹*; 石田 行章*; et al.

Physical Review B, 99(14), p.144413_1 - 144413_7, 2019/04

AA2018-0697.pdf:1.89MB

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.144413
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：56.27(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We investigate the microscopic origin of ferromagnetism coupled with topological insulators in V-doped (Sb,Bi)$$_{2}$$Te$$_{3}$$ employing X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopies, combined with first-principles calculations. We found an magnetic moment at the Te site anti-parallel to that of the V and Sb sites, which plays a key role in the ferromagnetic order. We ascribe it to the hybridization between Te 5${it p}$ and V 3${it d}$ majority spin states at the Fermi energy, consistent with the Zener-type ${it p}$-${it d}$ exchange interaction scenario. The substitution of Bi for Sb suppresses the bulk ferromagnetism by introducing extra electron carriers in the majority spin channel of the Te ${it p}$ states that compensates the antiparallel magnetic moment on the Te site. Our findings reveal important clues to designing magnetic topological insulators with higher Curie temperature that work under ambient conditions.

論文

反強磁性ナノ構造におけるスピントルクと電圧生成

山根 結太*; 家田 淳一

まぐね, 13(5), p.235 - 241, 2018/10

AA2018-0148.pdf:0.6MB

We overview the recent theoretical development on spin-transfer torque in antiferromagnetic nanostructures and related subjects. As antiferromagnetic materials are generating more attention lately due to their potential to play pivotal roles in spintronics applications, demands are rising for reliable methods to control and detect antiferromagnetic textures and their dynamics. While antiferromagnets are largely insensitive to external magnetic fields in general, electrical means are proving to be capable of offering promising ways to access the antiferromagnetic dynamics. We discuss in this article the possibility of manipulation and observation of dynamical antiferromagnetic textures by electrical current and voltage.

論文

Magnetic anisotropy by Rashba spin-orbit coupling in antiferromagnetic thin films

家田 淳一; Barnes, S. E.*; 前川 禎通

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 87(5), p.053703_1 - 053703_4, 2018/05

AA2017-0555.pdf:0.58MB

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.87.053703
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：41.65(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Magnetic anisotropy in an antiferromagnet (AFM) with inversion symmetry breaking (ISB) is investigated. The magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) resulting from the Rashba spin-orbit and $$s$$-$$d$$ type exchange interactions is determined for two different models of AFMs. The global ISB model, representing the effect of a surface, an interface, or a gating electric field, results in an easy-plane magnetic anisotropy. In contrast, for a local ISB model, i.e., for a noncentrosymmetric AFM, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) arises. Both results differ from the ferromagnetic case, in which the result for PMA depends on the band structure and dimensionality. These MAE contributions play a key role in determining the direction of the N$'{e}$el order parameter in antiferromagnetic nanostructures, and reflect the possibility of electrical-field control of the N$'{e}$el vector.

論文

Structure of the magnetic excitations in the spin-1/2 triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet Ba$$_{3}$$CoSb$$_{2}$$O$$_{9}$$

伊藤 沙也*; 栗田 伸之*; 田中 秀数*; 河村 聖子; 中島 健次; 伊藤 晋一*; 桑原 慶太郎*; 加倉井 和久*

Nature Communications (Internet), 8, p.235_1 - 235_6, 2017/08

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00316-x
 被引用回数：76 パーセンタイル：93.89(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

A spin-1/2 triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet (TLHAF) is a prototypical frustrated quantum magnet, which exhibits remarkable quantum many-body effects that arise from the synergy between spin frustration and quantum fluctuation. The ground-state properties of a spin-1/2 TLHAF are theoretically well understood. However, magnetic excitations are less well understood and the theoretical consensus is limited. The experimental study of the magnetic excitations in spin-1/2 TLHAFs has also been limited. Here we show the whole picture of magnetic excitations in the spin-1/2 TLHAF Ba$$_{3}$$CoSb$$_{2}$$O$$_{9}$$ investigated by inelastic neutron scattering. Significantly different from the theory, the excitation spectra have a three-stage energy structure. The lowest first stage is composed of dispersion branches of single-magnon excitations. The second and third stages are dispersive continua accompanied by columnar continuum extending above 10 meV, which is six times larger than the exchange interaction J=1.67 meV. Our results indicate the necessity of a new theoretical framework.

論文

Quantum spin liquid in the kagome-lattice antiferromagnet and related systems

中野 博生*; 坂井 徹

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 868, p.012006_1 - 012006_10, 2017/07

https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/868/1/012006
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：78.7(Physics, Applied)

カゴメ格子反強磁性体のスピンギャップ問題について、ひし形クラスターの数値対角化によるエネルギースペクトルと有限サイズスケーリングにより解析した。その結果、カゴメ格子反強磁性体は三角格子反強磁性体と同様にギャップレスであるという結論が得られた。

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